• Introduction

    February 21, 2023
    Uncategorized
    Introduction

    My first impetus towards writing this book was an increasing frustration that, as a Science teacher, my pupils were being excluded from large swathes of practical work, especially in Chemistry, by the increasing restrictions imposed by Health and Safety regulations and the burden of risk assessments.

    In my many years of experience, I have noticed that pupils seem to find Chemistry much the most difficult of the three sciences. In my view, this is because the subject requires both mathematical rigour and linguistic facility,[1] characteristics that are not always, or even often, present together in individuals.

    I was also very concerned that, even in the context of hands-on science facilities, much beloved of current planners and educators, Chemistry is either under-represented or completely absent. For example, the local ‘Explore’ in Bristol had Chemistry exhibits in its earlier incarnation, but all vestiges of the subject disappeared when the new version of the exhibition opened.* I brought this fact to the attention of the management on my first visit to the new building.

    The concept of chemicals as alien substances is a pervasive one in modern society, particularly as awareness of green issues and the environment has increased. Appreciating that food is made from chemicals might help to dispel some of the unnecessary suspicion around them.

    I began to wonder if it would be possible to produce a text, initially aimed at the transition from KS2 to KS3 that would enable pupils to undertake some introductory Chemistry in a safer and more familiar context. The safety factor, naturally is much less of a problem (after all, we do not carry out risk assessments before we undertake cooking procedures at home, such as squeezing the juice from a lemon, or boiling water in a kettle).

    This fact, in addition to introducing the necessary scientific concepts, may also debunk some of the mysteries and fear attached to cooking.

    As I have written on, it has become increasingly evident that there is also scope for more advanced work in many of the areas covered. Much of the work as it stands is also appropriate for pupils of lower ability at Key Stage 4.

    The main drawback, however, may be that pupils perceive the whole situation as so safe that they cannot accept the restrictions on, for example, eating or drinking the materials that they are dealing with.

    The Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted the need to be able to access education in settings other than schools (as pupils had to be home-schooled during this period). This also applies to students who, for one reason or another, either cannot or will not attend school in its usual form.

    If you like the sound of this approach, please look out for the chapters as they are issued. As this is in lieu of a physical publication, I will be charging a fee for access to the teaching guidance. Please follow the link below in order to do this.

    I am also intending to produce video content on a YouTube channel in due course.


    [1] Contrary Imaginations (A Psychological Study of the English Schoolboy) by Liam Hudson

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  • Glossary of Terms

    August 17, 2023
    Glossary
    Glossary of Terms

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    These are the terms I’ve used in the book, along with those I think would be useful to know. More information is available online from other sources if you need it.

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  • Chapter Headings and Synopsis of Content

    July 22, 2023
    Uncategorized

    1. Measuring

    This deals with the types of quantities that are measured, and the methods of making those measurements. It also discusses why measurement is needed in cookery (and, by implication, science).

    2. Properties and Uses of Materials

    This looks at the properties (intrinsic characteristics) of materials and how they influence what the materials are used for.

    3. Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

    The chapter starts with a definition of the terms in the title; however, its main focus is the techniques used for the separation of mixtures and the reasons why they are used.

    4. Changes of State (1)

    The key concepts of solid, liquid and gas are defined and explained. Examples are included of where a change of state is a key component in the cooking process.

    5. Changes of State (2)

    This takes a more quantitative (mathematical/numerical) look at changes of state and the effect that the presence of impurities has on them.

    6. Physical and Chemical Changes

    The ideas of physical and chemical changes are discussed here as well as what defines these terms. These are also sometimes known as reversible and irreversible processes.

    7. Acids and Alkalis

    Rather than a theoretical discussion of what makes a substance an acid (or an alkali), the chapter deals with how to show that a substance is an acid or an alkali using food materials. It also refers to the pH scale and explains what is meant by the terms ‘strong’ and ‘weak’ in the context of acids and alkalis.

    8. Rate of Reaction

    The factors that affect the rate (speed) of a reaction are listed and explained, and the relevance of this to food preservation is discussed.

    9. Enzymes

    Enzymes are very important both in the food industry and at home. This chapter explains why and gives some examples of simple reactions to show the action of enzymes.

    10. Colloids

    Many foods are colloids. The chapter gives a brief explanation of these slightly more unusual substances, and a couple of activities showing their formation.

    11. Reactivity Series

    Metals can be placed into a reactivity series (essentially a league table) according to how reactive they are.

    12. Energy

    The processes of combustion and digestion are compared. We also look at how the energy in food is measured.

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Science from the Kitchen

Using food and household materials for science education

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